cpu21_riscv_alu.v
- 新增 ALU_MULH(4'd13)、ALU_MULHSU(4'd14):用 64 位有符号乘积
mult_ss = $signed(a)*$signed(b)、mult_su = $signed(a)*$signed({32'b0,b})
取高 32 位;mulhu 复用 ALU_MUL 的 result2(无符号乘积高 32 位),
与课程约定的 remu 共用 wb_sel=3 通道,因此 ALU 操作码仍为 4 位。
cpu21_riscv_decoder.v
- OP_I 新增 funct3=011 -> sltiu(立即数符号扩展后无符号比较);
- OP_R 的 funct7=0000001 分支改为完整 M 扩展译码:
000=mul、001=mulh、010=mulhsu、011=mulhu,并保留 111=remu(wb_sel=3);
- OP_BRANCH 新增 funct3=101(bge)、111(bgeu),新增 bge_o/bgeu_o 输出,
ALU_OP 仍按比较类型给出 SLT/SLTU/SUB。
cpu21_riscv_branch_unit.v
- 新增 bge_i、bgeu_i;把四种比较预计算成短 wire(有符号 <、>= 与无符号 <、>=)
再组合出 branch_taken,顺带修掉之前被自动换行拆散的 $signed 表达式。
cpu21_riscv_redirect_int_bpb.v
- 新增 d_bge/d_bgeu 连线与 idex_bge_q/idex_bgeu_q 流水寄存器(含复位与捕获);
- IF 级 f_is_branch 纳入 funct3=101/111,使 bge/bgeu 也参与 BPB 预测。
说明文档
- 功能列表与编码表补充 sltiu、bge/bgeu 与 M 扩展乘法。
验证(xsim + tb_no_intr;测试程序由临时小汇编器生成,共 24 项 LED 输出逐项比对)
- sltiu:1 <u 0xffffffff = 00000001;0xffffffff <u 1 = 00000000
- xor:0xff ^ 0xffffffff = ffffff00
- sll:1 << 31 = 80000000;srl:0xffffffff >> 28 = 0000000f;sra:同左 = ffffffff
- mul:1234*567 = 000aad1e;mulh:(-1)*(-1) 高 = 00000000
mulhu:0xffffffff^2 高 = fffffffe;mulhsu:(-1)*2 高 = ffffffff
- bltu:0 <u 0xffffffff 成立(取跳转分支);bge:(-1) >= 0 不成立(走 fall-through);
bgeu:0xffffffff >=u 0 成立
- bge / bgeu / bltu 三个循环计数正确(fffffffd..00000000 / 3..1 / 4..1),最后 halt 停机
(143 周期,halted=1)
- 回归:中断测试程序 6003 周期统计与改动前逐项一致
(stalls=11 bubbles=297 cond_taken=648 pred_ok=663 pred_fail=102,
IRQ1@cyc85、IRQ2@cyc266、IRQ3@cyc447);
benchmark 的 BLT 段落仍连续输出 fffffff1..ffffffff,
60000 周期统计与改动前完全一致(stalls=3195 bubbles=6955 cond_taken=8857
pred_ok=9455 pred_fail=1050)。
283 lines
9.8 KiB
Verilog
283 lines
9.8 KiB
Verilog
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
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`default_nettype none
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// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// ID 级组合译码器。
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//
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// 与原始 Logisim 控制器一致:操作码取标准 RISC-V 的 IR[6:2] 五位字段,
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// 真值表中以十六进制形式存储该字段。
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// 所有输出在无匹配时保持"无操作/不写回"的默认值。
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// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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module cpu21_riscv_decoder (
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input wire [31:0] ir_i,
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output reg [ 4:0] rs1_idx_o,
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output reg [ 4:0] rs2_idx_o,
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output reg [ 4:0] rd_o,
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output reg [31:0] imm_o,
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output reg [ 3:0] alu_op_o,
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output reg [ 2:0] wb_sel_o,
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output wire [11:0] csr_addr_o,
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output reg uses_rs1_o,
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output reg uses_rs2_o,
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output reg reg_write_o,
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output reg mem_to_reg_o,
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output reg mem_write_o,
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output reg mem_byte_o,
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output reg alu_src_o,
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output reg branch_o,
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output reg beq_o,
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output reg bne_o,
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output reg blt_o,
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output reg bge_o,
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output reg bltu_o,
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output reg bgeu_o,
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output reg jal_o,
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output reg jalr_o,
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output reg ecall_o,
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output reg uret_o,
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output reg csr_set_o,
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output reg csr_clear_o,
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output reg csr_write_o
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);
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// CPU21 自定义操作码(取自所提供的真值表)。
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localparam OP_LOAD = 5'h00;
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localparam OP_R = 5'h0c;
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localparam OP_I = 5'h04;
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localparam OP_STORE = 5'h08;
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localparam OP_JALR = 5'h19;
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localparam OP_BRANCH = 5'h18;
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localparam OP_JAL = 5'h1b;
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localparam OP_SYS = 5'h1c;
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// LUI 为扩展指令(标准 RISC-V opcode 0x37 -> IR[6:2]=0x0d)。
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localparam OP_LUI = 5'h0d;
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localparam ALU_SLL = 4'd0;
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localparam ALU_SRA = 4'd1;
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localparam ALU_SRL = 4'd2;
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localparam ALU_MUL = 4'd3;
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localparam ALU_DIVU = 4'd4;
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localparam ALU_ADD = 4'd5;
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localparam ALU_SUB = 4'd6;
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localparam ALU_AND = 4'd7;
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localparam ALU_OR = 4'd8;
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localparam ALU_XOR = 4'd9;
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localparam ALU_SLT = 4'd11;
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localparam ALU_SLTU = 4'd12;
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localparam ALU_MULH = 4'd13;
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localparam ALU_MULHSU = 4'd14;
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localparam ALU_PASSB = 4'd15; // LUI:直接输出 B 端(立即数)
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wire [4:0] opcode = ir_i[6:2];
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wire [2:0] funct3 = ir_i[14:12];
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wire [6:0] funct7 = ir_i[31:25];
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// CSR 地址字段在译码时直接旁路输出(供 EX 级读取 CSR)。
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assign csr_addr_o = ir_i[31:20];
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// 默认控制信号:全部为"无操作/不写回",再由下面的 case 覆盖。
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always @* begin
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rs1_idx_o = ir_i[19:15];
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rs2_idx_o = ir_i[24:20];
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rd_o = ir_i[11:7];
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imm_o = {{20{ir_i[31]}}, ir_i[31:20]};
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alu_op_o = ALU_ADD;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd0;
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b0;
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uses_rs2_o = 1'b0;
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reg_write_o = 1'b0;
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mem_to_reg_o = 1'b0;
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mem_write_o = 1'b0;
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mem_byte_o = 1'b0;
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alu_src_o = 1'b0;
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branch_o = 1'b0;
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beq_o = 1'b0;
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bne_o = 1'b0;
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blt_o = 1'b0;
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bge_o = 1'b0;
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bltu_o = 1'b0;
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bgeu_o = 1'b0;
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jal_o = 1'b0;
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jalr_o = 1'b0;
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ecall_o = 1'b0;
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uret_o = 1'b0;
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csr_set_o = 1'b0;
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csr_clear_o = 1'b0;
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csr_write_o = 1'b0;
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case (opcode)
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// R 型运算:由 funct3/funct7 决定具体操作。
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OP_R: begin
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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uses_rs2_o = 1'b1;
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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// M 扩展(funct7=0000001):mul/mulh/mulhsu/mulhu,外加课程约定的 remu
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// (funct3=111 形式)。mulhu 与 remu 都取 ALU 的 result2(wb_sel=3)。
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if (funct7 == 7'b0000001) begin
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case (funct3)
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3'b000: alu_op_o = ALU_MUL; // mul:无符号乘积低 32 位
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3'b001: alu_op_o = ALU_MULH; // mulh:有符号乘积高 32 位
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3'b010: alu_op_o = ALU_MULHSU; // mulhsu:有符号 x 无符号高 32 位
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3'b011: begin // mulhu:无符号乘积高 32 位
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alu_op_o = ALU_MUL;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd3;
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end
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3'b111: begin // remu(课程约定):取余数
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alu_op_o = ALU_DIVU;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd3;
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end
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default: reg_write_o = 1'b0;
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endcase
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end else begin
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// 标准 R 型 funct3 译码;add/sub 与 sra/srl 由 funct7[5] 区分。
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case (funct3)
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3'b000: alu_op_o = (funct7[5] ? ALU_SUB : ALU_ADD);
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3'b001: alu_op_o = ALU_SLL;
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3'b010: alu_op_o = ALU_SLT;
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3'b011: alu_op_o = ALU_SLTU;
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3'b100: alu_op_o = ALU_XOR;
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3'b101: alu_op_o = (funct7[5] ? ALU_SRA : ALU_SRL);
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3'b110: alu_op_o = ALU_OR;
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3'b111: alu_op_o = ALU_AND;
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default: reg_write_o = 1'b0;
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endcase
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end
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end
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// I 型运算(addi/slli/slti/sltiu/xori/srai/srli/ori/andi)。
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OP_I: begin
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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case (funct3)
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3'b000: alu_op_o = ALU_ADD; // addi:立即数加
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3'b001: alu_op_o = ALU_SLL; // slli:立即数逻辑左移
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3'b010: alu_op_o = ALU_SLT; // slti:有符号小于置 1
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3'b011: alu_op_o = ALU_SLTU; // sltiu:无符号小于置 1(立即数符号扩展)
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3'b100: alu_op_o = ALU_XOR; // xori:立即数异或
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3'b101:
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alu_op_o = (funct7[5] ? ALU_SRA : ALU_SRL); // srai/srli:立即数算术/逻辑右移
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3'b110: alu_op_o = ALU_OR; // ori:立即数或
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3'b111: alu_op_o = ALU_AND; // andi:立即数与
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default: reg_write_o = 1'b0;
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endcase
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end
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// 加载高位立即数 lui:rd = imm[31:12] << 12。
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// 不读寄存器;用 ALU_SRC 选立即数,ALU 直通 B 端输出。
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OP_LUI: begin
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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alu_op_o = ALU_PASSB;
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imm_o = {ir_i[31:12], 12'b0};
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wb_sel_o = 3'd0;
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end
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// 加载指令,当前仅支持 lw(funct3=010)。
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OP_LOAD: begin
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if (funct3 == 3'b010) begin
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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alu_op_o = ALU_ADD;
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mem_to_reg_o = 1'b1;
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd1;
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end
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end
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// 存储指令:sw(funct3=010)与 sb(funct3=000)。
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OP_STORE: begin
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if ((funct3 == 3'b010) || (funct3 == 3'b000)) begin
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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uses_rs2_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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alu_op_o = ALU_ADD;
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mem_write_o = 1'b1;
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mem_byte_o = (funct3 == 3'b000); // sb:字节存储
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imm_o = {{20{ir_i[31]}}, ir_i[31:25], ir_i[11:7]};
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end
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end
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// 条件分支:beq(000)/bne(001)/blt(100)/bge(101)/bltu(110)/bgeu(111)。
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OP_BRANCH: begin
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if ((funct3 == 3'b000) || (funct3 == 3'b001) || (funct3 == 3'b100) ||
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(funct3 == 3'b101) || (funct3 == 3'b110) || (funct3 == 3'b111)) begin
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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uses_rs2_o = 1'b1;
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branch_o = 1'b1;
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beq_o = (funct3 == 3'b000);
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bne_o = (funct3 == 3'b001);
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blt_o = (funct3 == 3'b100);
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bge_o = (funct3 == 3'b101);
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bltu_o = (funct3 == 3'b110);
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bgeu_o = (funct3 == 3'b111);
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// 有符号比较用 ALU_SLT、无符号比较用 ALU_SLTU,相等/不等用减法;
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// 分支是否成立由 EX 级的分支裁决单元决定,这里只与真值表保持一致。
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alu_op_o = (blt_o || bge_o) ? ALU_SLT :
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((bltu_o || bgeu_o) ? ALU_SLTU : ALU_SUB);
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imm_o = {{19{ir_i[31]}}, ir_i[31], ir_i[7], ir_i[30:25], ir_i[11:8], 1'b0};
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end
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end
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// 无条件跳转并链接:jal(写回 PC+4)。
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OP_JAL: begin
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jal_o = 1'b1;
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd2;
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imm_o = {{11{ir_i[31]}}, ir_i[31], ir_i[19:12], ir_i[20], ir_i[30:21], 1'b0};
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end
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// 寄存器间接跳转并链接:jalr。
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OP_JALR: begin
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if (funct3 == 3'b000) begin
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jalr_o = 1'b1;
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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alu_op_o = ALU_ADD;
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reg_write_o = 1'b1;
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wb_sel_o = 3'd2;
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end
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end
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// 系统指令:ecall / uret / CSR 读写。
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OP_SYS: begin
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// 电路用 IR[21] 区分 URET 与 ecall。
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if (funct3 == 3'b000) begin
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if (ir_i[21]) begin
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uret_o = 1'b1;
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end else begin
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ecall_o = 1'b1;
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// 按文档说明,ecall 读取 a7(rs17) 与 a0(rs10)。
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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uses_rs2_o = 1'b1;
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rs1_idx_o = 5'd17;
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rs2_idx_o = 5'd10;
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end
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end else if (funct3 == 3'b001) begin
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csr_write_o = 1'b1; // CSRRW:写 CSR,并把旧值写回 rd
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uses_rs1_o = 1'b1;
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alu_src_o = 1'b1;
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imm_o = {27'b0, ir_i[19:15]};
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reg_write_o = (rd_o != 5'd0);
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wb_sel_o = 3'd4;
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end else if (funct3 == 3'b110) begin
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csr_set_o = 1'b1; // CSRRSI:置位 CSR 中的指定位
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imm_o = {27'b0, ir_i[19:15]};
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reg_write_o = (rd_o != 5'd0);
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wb_sel_o = 3'd4;
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end else if (funct3 == 3'b111) begin
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csr_clear_o = 1'b1; // CSRRCI:清除 CSR 中的指定位
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imm_o = {27'b0, ir_i[19:15]};
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reg_write_o = (rd_o != 5'd0);
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wb_sel_o = 3'd4;
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end
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end
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default: begin
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end
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endcase
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end
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endmodule
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`default_nettype wire
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