risc-v-cpu/saolei/sw/saolei.c

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * saolei.c —— 纯 C 扫雷（RV32IM 子集：只用这颗核实现了的指令）
 *
 * 显示：把每个格子写成显存里的 1 个字节（MMIO 0x2000 起）
 * 输入：鼠标事件（中断驱动）——中断里搬到软件队列，主循环在下面处理
 *
 * 针对这颗 CPU 的硬约束（很重要，改代码时别踩）：
 *   1) 存储只有 lw / sw / sb，**没有 lb/lh/lbu/lhu** ——
 *      所以只按字节"写"显存，从不按字节"读"；所有状态都用 32 位字保存。
 *   2) **没有 auipc** —— 编译时必须 -fno-pic -mcmodel=medlow，并且不能出现
 *      只读数据（.rodata），所以本文件没有任何字符串/常量表（字模在 RTL 里）。
 *   3) 乘除只有 mul/mulh/mulhsu/mulhu 和**无符号**的 divu/remu ——
 *      所以本文件所有索引运算都用"2 的幂 + 移位/掩码"，一次除法都不用。
 *   4) 没有 fence/ebreak 等；中断返回是 uret（在 isr.c 里）。
 *
 * 棋盘：16 x 16，40 颗雷（16 是 2 的幂 => 索引全用移位，颜色/字形查表也不用除法）
 * 网格：40 列 x 30 行，棋盘居中放在 (行 7..22, 列 12..27)
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "mmio.h"

#define BW 16u           /* 棋盘宽（格） */
#define BH 16u           /* 棋盘高（格） */
#define NCELLS (BW * BH) /* 256 */
#define NMINES 40u
#define BM_WORDS (NCELLS / 32u) /* 8 */

#define BOARD_C0 12u /* 棋盘左上角在网格里的列 */
#define BOARD_R0 7u  /* 棋盘左上角在网格里的行 */

/* 游戏状态 */
#define ST_PLAY 0u
#define ST_WIN 1u
#define ST_LOSE 2u

/* ---- 棋盘状态：3 个位图，每个 8 个字（256 位） ---- */
static unsigned mine_bm[BM_WORDS];
static unsigned open_bm[BM_WORDS];
static unsigned flag_bm[BM_WORDS];

/* 其它全局状态（全部进 .bss，靠 start.c 清零） */
static unsigned opened_cnt;
static unsigned flags_cnt;
static unsigned g_state;
static unsigned g_first_done;
static unsigned rnd_state;
static unsigned cur_r, cur_c;  /* 光标所在的网格格 */
static int acc_x, acc_y;       /* 指针累积量（1/8 格，有符号） */
static unsigned bfs_q[NCELLS]; /* 揭开用的队列 */

/* ============================ 小工具 ============================ */

/* 位图取位/置位/清位：i = r*16 + c，全部用移位和掩码 */
static unsigned bget(const unsigned *bm, unsigned i)
{
    return (bm[i >> 5] >> (i & 31u)) & 1u;
}

static void bset(unsigned *bm, unsigned i)
{
    bm[i >> 5] |= (1u << (i & 31u));
}

static void bclr(unsigned *bm, unsigned i)
{
    bm[i >> 5] &= ~(1u << (i & 31u));
}

static void draw_cell(unsigned gr, unsigned gc, unsigned glyph, unsigned color)
{
    fb_write(gr * GRID_COLS + gc, CELL(glyph, color));
}

/* 把棋盘格 (r,c) 画出来 */
static void draw_tile(unsigned r, unsigned c, unsigned glyph, unsigned color)
{
    draw_cell(BOARD_R0 + r, BOARD_C0 + c, glyph, color);
}

static unsigned num_color(unsigned n)
{
    if (n == 1u)
        return C_BLUE;
    if (n == 2u)
        return C_GREEN;
    if (n == 3u)
        return C_RED;
    if (n == 4u)
        return C_MAGENTA;
    if (n == 5u)
        return C_YELLOW;
    if (n == 6u)
        return C_CYAN;
    return C_GRAY;
}

static unsigned in_board(void)
{
    if (cur_r < BOARD_R0)
        return 0u;
    if (cur_r >= (BOARD_R0 + BH))
        return 0u;
    if (cur_c < BOARD_C0)
        return 0u;
    if (cur_c >= (BOARD_C0 + BW))
        return 0u;
    return 1u;
}

static unsigned cur_index(void)
{
    return ((cur_r - BOARD_R0) << 4) + (cur_c - BOARD_C0); /* *BW(=16) 用移位 */
}

/* LCG 随机数：只用 mul/add/移位 */
static unsigned rnd_next(void)
{
    rnd_state = rnd_state * 1103515245u + 12345u;
    return rnd_state >> 16;
}

/* ============================ 画面 ============================ */

static void clear_screen(void)
{
    unsigned i;
    for (i = 0u; i < (GRID_COLS * GRID_ROWS); i = i + 1u)
    {
        fb_write(i, 0u);
    }
}

static void draw_frame(void)
{
    unsigned gc, gr;
    for (gc = (BOARD_C0 - 1u); gc <= (BOARD_C0 + BW); gc = gc + 1u)
    {
        draw_cell(BOARD_R0 - 1u, gc, G_SOLID, C_CYAN);
        draw_cell(BOARD_R0 + BH, gc, G_SOLID, C_CYAN);
    }
    for (gr = (BOARD_R0 - 1u); gr <= (BOARD_R0 + BH); gr = gr + 1u)
    {
        draw_cell(gr, BOARD_C0 - 1u, G_SOLID, C_CYAN);
        draw_cell(gr, BOARD_C0 + BW, G_SOLID, C_CYAN);
    }
}

static void draw_all_covered(void)
{
    unsigned r, c;
    for (r = 0u; r < BH; r = r + 1u)
    {
        for (c = 0u; c < BW; c = c + 1u)
        {
            draw_tile(r, c, G_COVER, C_GRAY);
        }
    }
}

static void update_cursor_reg(void)
{
    REG_W(REG_CURSOR) = (cur_c & 31u) | ((cur_r & 31u) << 8);
}

static void set_bg(unsigned color)
{
    REG_W(REG_CTRL) = (color << 4) | 1u; /* bit0 = 光标显示 */
}

/* ============================ 游戏逻辑 ============================ */

static unsigned count_adj(unsigned i)
{
    unsigned r = i >> 4, c = i & 15u, n = 0u, rr, cc;
    unsigned r0 = (r == 0u) ? 0u : (r - 1u);
    unsigned r1 = (r + 1u >= BH) ? (BH - 1u) : (r + 1u);
    unsigned c0 = (c == 0u) ? 0u : (c - 1u);
    unsigned c1 = (c + 1u >= BW) ? (BW - 1u) : (c + 1u);

    for (rr = r0; rr <= r1; rr = rr + 1u)
    {
        for (cc = c0; cc <= c1; cc = cc + 1u)
        {
            if ((rr == r) && (cc == c))
                continue;
            n = n + bget(mine_bm, (rr << 4) + cc);
        }
    }
    return n;
}

static void lose(unsigned hit)
{
    unsigned k;
    for (k = 0u; k < NCELLS; k = k + 1u)
    {
        if (bget(mine_bm, k))
        {
            if (k == hit)
            {
                draw_tile(k >> 4, k & 15u, G_BOOM, C_RED);
            }
            else if (!bget(flag_bm, k))
            {
                draw_tile(k >> 4, k & 15u, G_MINE, C_RED);
            }
        }
    }
    REG_W(LED_ADDR) = 0xDEADu;
    g_state = ST_LOSE;
}

static void win(void)
{
    unsigned k;
    for (k = 0u; k < NCELLS; k = k + 1u)
    {
        if (bget(mine_bm, k))
        {
            draw_tile(k >> 4, k & 15u, G_FLAG, C_YELLOW);
        }
    }
    REG_W(LED_ADDR) = 0xF00Du;
    g_state = ST_WIN;
}

static void reveal_at(unsigned i)
{
    unsigned qh = 0u, qt = 0u, cur, n, r, c, rr, cc, ni;
    unsigned r0, r1, c0, c1;

    if (bget(open_bm, i) || bget(flag_bm, i))
        return;
    if (bget(mine_bm, i))
    {
        lose(i);
        return;
    }

    bfs_q[qt] = i;
    qt = qt + 1u;

    while (qh < qt)
    {
        cur = bfs_q[qh];
        qh = qh + 1u;
        if (bget(open_bm, cur))
            continue;

        bset(open_bm, cur);
        opened_cnt = opened_cnt + 1u;

        n = count_adj(cur);
        draw_tile(cur >> 4, cur & 15u, n, num_color(n));

        if (n != 0u)
            continue;

        /* 空白格：把周围 8 格入队（队列有界，满了就丢，不会越界） */
        r = cur >> 4;
        c = cur & 15u;
        r0 = (r == 0u) ? 0u : (r - 1u);
        r1 = (r + 1u >= BH) ? (BH - 1u) : (r + 1u);
        c0 = (c == 0u) ? 0u : (c - 1u);
        c1 = (c + 1u >= BW) ? (BW - 1u) : (c + 1u);
        for (rr = r0; rr <= r1; rr = rr + 1u)
        {
            for (cc = c0; cc <= c1; cc = cc + 1u)
            {
                if ((rr == r) && (cc == c))
                    continue;
                ni = (rr << 4) + cc;
                if (qt < NCELLS)
                {
                    bfs_q[qt] = ni;
                    qt = qt + 1u;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (opened_cnt == (NCELLS - NMINES))
        win();
}

static void place_mines(unsigned safe)
{
    unsigned placed = 0u, i, r, c;
    unsigned sr = safe >> 4;
    unsigned sc = safe & 15u;

    while (placed < NMINES)
    {
        i = rnd_next() & 255u; /* NCELLS = 256，正好 2 的幂，不需要取模 */
        r = i >> 4;
        c = i & 15u;
        /* 首点及其 8 邻居不放雷，保证第一次点击一定能展开 */
        if ((r + 1u >= sr) && (r <= (sr + 1u)) &&
            (c + 1u >= sc) && (c <= (sc + 1u)))
            continue;
        if (bget(mine_bm, i))
            continue;
        bset(mine_bm, i);
        placed = placed + 1u;
    }
}

static void click_here(void)
{
    unsigned i;

    if (!in_board())
        return;
    i = cur_index();
    if (bget(flag_bm, i))
        return;

    if (!g_first_done)
    {
        place_mines(i);
        g_first_done = 1u;
    }
    reveal_at(i);
}

static void toggle_flag(void)
{
    unsigned i, r, c;

    if (!in_board())
        return;
    i = cur_index();
    if (bget(open_bm, i))
        return;

    r = cur_r - BOARD_R0;
    c = cur_c - BOARD_C0;

    if (bget(flag_bm, i))
    {
        bclr(flag_bm, i);
        flags_cnt = flags_cnt - 1u;
        draw_tile(r, c, G_COVER, C_GRAY);
    }
    else
    {
        bset(flag_bm, i);
        flags_cnt = flags_cnt + 1u;
        draw_tile(r, c, G_FLAG, C_YELLOW);
    }
    REG_W(LED_ADDR) = NMINES - flags_cnt;
}

/* ============================ 鼠标事件 ============================ */

/* 关卡内：光标允许落在盘面外那一圈边框上（左上角那格是"返回"） */
static void move_cursor(int dr, int dc)
{
    int nr = (int)cur_r + dr;
    int nc = (int)cur_c + dc;

    if (nr < (int)(BOARD_R0 - 1u))
        nr = (int)(BOARD_R0 - 1u);
    if (nr > (int)(BOARD_R0 + BH))
        nr = (int)(BOARD_R0 + BH);
    if (nc < (int)(BOARD_C0 - 1u))
        nc = (int)(BOARD_C0 - 1u);
    if (nc > (int)(BOARD_C0 + BW))
        nc = (int)(BOARD_C0 + BW);

    cur_r = (unsigned)nr;
    cur_c = (unsigned)nc;
    update_cursor_reg();
}

/* ======================= 运行环境状态（背景 / 关卡） =======================
 * 程序分成两层，正好对应"伪操作系统 + 关卡"的设想：
 *   背景程序 main()      从头跑到尾：画开始界面、等鼠标；
 *   关卡程序 level_main() 跑在 IRQ1(0x100) 的中断服务程序里：点"开始"进入，
 *                        点"返回"就 uret 回到背景被打断的那条指令。
 * ========================================================================= */
static unsigned g_in_level; /* 0 = 背景界面，1 = 关卡内 */
static unsigned g_exit;     /* 关卡内请求返回 */

/* 背景界面上"开始"按钮的位置（行 20，列 17..22） */
#define START_R 20u
#define START_C0 17u
#define START_C1 22u

/* 背景用：光标可以在整个画面上移动 */
static void move_cursor_screen(int dr, int dc)
{
    int nr = (int)cur_r + dr;
    int nc = (int)cur_c + dc;

    if (nr < 0)
        nr = 0;
    if (nr > (int)(GRID_ROWS - 1u))
        nr = (int)(GRID_ROWS - 1u);
    if (nc < 0)
        nc = 0;
    if (nc > (int)(GRID_COLS - 1u))
        nc = (int)(GRID_COLS - 1u);

    cur_r = (unsigned)nr;
    cur_c = (unsigned)nc;
    update_cursor_reg();
}

/* 处理一个鼠标事件：ev = {btn[20:16], dy[15:8], dx[7:0]} */
static void handle_event(unsigned ev)
{
    unsigned ux = ev & 0xFFu;
    unsigned uy = (ev >> 8) & 0xFFu;
    unsigned btn = (ev >> 16) & 31u;
    int dx = (ux & 0x80u) ? ((int)ux - 256) : (int)ux;
    int dy = (uy & 0x80u) ? ((int)uy - 256) : (int)uy;
    unsigned want_flag = (REG_R(REG_INPUT) & 9u) != 0u; /* SW0 或 SW3 = 插旗模式 */

    if ((btn & 1u) != 0u)
    { /* 左键 */
        if (g_in_level == 0u)
        {
            /* 背景：点到"开始"按钮 -> 拉起软件中断，跳到 IRQ1 里的关卡程序 */
            if ((cur_r == START_R) && (cur_c >= START_C0) && (cur_c <= START_C1))
            {
                g_in_level = 1u; /* 关卡程序返回时自己清 0 */
                REG_W(REG_LEVEL) = 1u;
            }
        }
        else if ((cur_r == (BOARD_R0 - 1u)) && (cur_c == (BOARD_C0 - 1u)))
        {
            g_exit = 1u; /* 关卡：点左上角黄格 = 返回上一层 */
        }
        else if (want_flag != 0u)
        {
            toggle_flag();
        }
        else
        {
            click_here();
        }
        return;
    }
    if ((btn & 2u) != 0u)
    { /* 右键（PS/2 鼠标有；按键没有） */
        if (g_in_level != 0u)
            toggle_flag();
        return;
    }

    /* 移动：单位是 1/8 格，累计到 8 就动一格（纯加减比较，没有除法） */
    acc_x += dx;
    acc_y += dy;
    while (acc_x >= 8)
    {
        if (g_in_level != 0u)
            move_cursor(0, 1);
        else
            move_cursor_screen(0, 1);
        acc_x -= 8;
    }
    while (acc_x <= -8)
    {
        if (g_in_level != 0u)
            move_cursor(0, -1);
        else
            move_cursor_screen(0, -1);
        acc_x += 8;
    }
    while (acc_y >= 8)
    {
        if (g_in_level != 0u)
            move_cursor(1, 0);
        else
            move_cursor_screen(1, 0);
        acc_y -= 8;
    }
    while (acc_y <= -8)
    {
        if (g_in_level != 0u)
            move_cursor(-1, 0);
        else
            move_cursor_screen(-1, 0);
        acc_y += 8;
    }
}

/* ============================ 背景程序（伪操作系统）============================
 * 从头跑到尾：画开始界面 -> 等鼠标 -> 点到"开始"按钮就拉起软件中断。
 * ========================================================================== */
static void draw_start_screen(void)
{
    unsigned i;

    clear_screen();

    /* 标题区：两排雷图案，纯图形（字模里没有字母；要显示文字就得扩字模，见 README） */
    for (i = 0u; i < 6u; i = i + 1u)
    {
        draw_cell(6u, 15u + i * 2u, G_MINE, C_RED);
        draw_cell(8u, 15u + i * 2u, G_MINE, C_RED);
    }

    /* "开始"按钮：绿色实心条，上下各一条黄线框住它 */
    for (i = START_C0; i <= START_C1; i = i + 1u)
    {
        draw_cell(START_R - 1u, i, G_BAR, C_YELLOW);
        draw_cell(START_R, i, G_SOLID, C_GREEN);
        draw_cell(START_R + 1u, i, G_BAR, C_YELLOW);
    }

    /* 下方提示条 */
    for (i = 12u; i <= 27u; i = i + 1u)
    {
        draw_cell(24u, i, G_BAR, C_CYAN);
    }

    set_bg(C_BLACK);
    cur_r = START_R;
    cur_c = (START_C0 + START_C1) / 2u;
    update_cursor_reg();

    REG_W(LED_ADDR) = 0x0001u; /* LED = 背景状态码 */
    REG_W(REG_SEG) = 0u;
}

/* ============================ 关卡（游戏）程序 ============================
 * **运行在 IRQ1 的中断服务程序里**（入口 isr1_entry，固定地址 0x100）：
 *   背景 main() 点"开始" -> 写 LEVEL 寄存器 -> 硬件拉起 irq_i[1]
 *   -> CPU 跳到 0x100 -> isr1_entry 保存现场、打开 MIE、调用本函数
 *   -> 这里跑完整一局（鼠标中断 0x200 优先级更高，会嵌套进来把事件放进队列，
 *      所以本循环只要轮询队列）
 *   -> 点左上角黄格 = 返回：清 LEVEL、return -> isr1_entry 恢复现场并 uret
 *   -> 回到背景程序被打断的那条指令，继续等下一次"开始"。
 * ========================================================================== */
#define RET_R (BOARD_R0 - 1u)
#define RET_C (BOARD_C0 - 1u)

void level_main(void)
{
    unsigned r;

    /* ---- 关卡初始化 ---- */
    for (r = 0u; r < BM_WORDS; r = r + 1u)
    {
        mine_bm[r] = 0u;
        open_bm[r] = 0u;
        flag_bm[r] = 0u;
    }
    opened_cnt = 0u;
    flags_cnt = 0u;
    g_first_done = 0u;
    g_state = ST_PLAY;
    g_exit = 0u;
    acc_x = 0;
    acc_y = 0;
    cur_r = BOARD_R0 + 8u;
    cur_c = BOARD_C0 + 8u;

    clear_screen();
    draw_frame();
    draw_all_covered();
    draw_cell(RET_R, RET_C, G_BAR, C_YELLOW); /* 左上角黄格 = 返回 */
    set_bg(C_BLUE);
    update_cursor_reg();
    REG_W(LED_ADDR) = NMINES;
    REG_W(REG_SEG) = NMINES; /* 数码管显示剩余雷数 */

    /* ---- 关卡主循环 ---- */
    while (g_exit == 0u)
    {
        if (g_evq_head != g_evq_tail)
        {
            unsigned ev = g_evq[g_evq_head];
            g_evq_head = (g_evq_head + 1u) & EVQ_MASK;
            if (g_state == ST_PLAY)
            {
                handle_event(ev);
            }
            else if ((ev >> 16) & 1u)
            {
                g_exit = 1u; /* 分出胜负后任意点击 = 返回 */
            }
        }
        else if (g_state != ST_PLAY)
        {
            /* 分出胜负后让背景闪动（用 VGA 帧计数做时间基准，不需要定时器） */
            static unsigned phase;
            if ((REG_R(REG_FRAME) & 31u) == 0u)
            {
                phase = phase ^ 1u;
                if (phase != 0u)
                {
                    set_bg((g_state == ST_WIN) ? C_GREEN : C_RED);
                }
                else
                {
                    set_bg(C_BLUE);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    REG_W(REG_LEVEL) = 0u; /* 清软件中断：否则下次点"开始"没有新的上升沿 */
    g_in_level = 0u;       /* 回到背景状态 */
    draw_start_screen();   /* 恢复开始界面 */
}

/* ============================ 背景主程序 ============================ */

extern void crt_zero_bss(void);

int main(void)
{
    crt_zero_bss(); /* 清 .bss（上电 RAM 本来就是 0，保险起见） */

    rnd_state = REG_R(REG_TIME) | 1u; /* 用自由计数器当随机种子 */
    REG_W(REG_MCTRL) = 1u;            /* 打开鼠标中断（IRQ2，入口 0x200） */
    REG_W(REG_LEVEL) = 0u;            /* 清关卡软中断 */

    g_in_level = 0u;
    draw_start_screen();

    /* 背景循环：只服务鼠标事件；点"开始"后会被 IRQ1 里的关卡程序"接管"，
     * 关卡返回时又回到这个循环里继续。 */
    for (;;)
    {
        if (g_evq_head != g_evq_tail)
        {
            unsigned ev = g_evq[g_evq_head];
            g_evq_head = (g_evq_head + 1u) & EVQ_MASK;
            handle_event(ev);
        }
    }
}